Orthopedics, also known as orthopedic surgery, is a medical specialty focused on the musculoskeletal system – bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves. Orthopedic surgeons diagnose, treat, and prevent injuries and diseases affecting this system. This includes both surgical and nonsurgical approaches. Orthopedics deals with the entire musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves. Orthopedic surgeons diagnose and treat a wide range of conditions, from fractures and dislocations to arthritis and sports injuries.